Explanation:

Statement 1: Low bandwidth can increase network latency.

True: Low bandwidth can result in increased network latency because the network may become congested, leading to delays in data transmission.

Statement 2: High levels of network latency decrease network bandwidth.

False: High levels of network latency do not decrease the available network bandwidth, but they do affect the perceived performance and throughput of the network.

Statement 3: You can increase throughput by decreasing network latency.

True: Decreasing network latency can increase throughput because data can be transmitted more quickly and efficiently without delays.

Bandwidth vs. Latency: Bandwidth refers to the maximum rate at which data can be transferred over a network path. Latency is the time it takes for a data packet to travel from the source to the destination.

Low bandwidth can cause network congestion, which can increase latency as packets wait to be transmitted.

High latency does not reduce the actual bandwidth but can affect the overall performance and efficiency of data transmission.

Reducing latency can lead to higher throughput because the network can handle more data in a given period without delays.

Reference: Network Performance Metrics: Cisco Network Performance

Understanding Bandwidth and Latency: Bandwidth vs. Latency

Explanation:

Three virtual machines are connected by a virtual network in the cloud.

Model: IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

IaaS provides virtualized computing resources over the internet, including virtual machines, storage, and networks.

Users access a web-based graphics design application in the cloud for a monthly fee.

Model: SaaS (Software as a Service)

SaaS delivers software applications over the internet, typically on a subscription basis, accessible via a web browser.

A company develops applications using cloud-based resources and tools. Model: PaaS (Platform as a Service)

PaaS provides a platform allowing customers to develop, run, and manage applications without dealing with the infrastructure.

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service): Provides virtualized hardware resources that customers can use to build their own computing environments.

PaaS (Platform as a Service): Offers a platform with tools and services to develop, test, and deploy applications.

SaaS (Software as a Service): Delivers fully functional applications over the internet that users can access and use without managing the underlying infrastructure.

Reference: Cloud Service Models: Understanding IaaS, PaaS, SaaS

NIST Definition of Cloud Computing: NIST Cloud Computing

Explanation:

Two home office computers are connected to a switch by Ethernet cables.

Network Type: LAN (Local Area Network)

A LAN connects devices within a limited area such as a home, office, or building, using Ethernet cables or Wi-Fi.

Three government buildings in the same city connect to a cable company over coaxial cables. Network Type: MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)

A MAN connects networks across a city or campus, often using fiber optic or coaxial cables.

A cell phone connects to a Bluetooth headset.

Network Type: PAN (Personal Area Network)

A PAN connects devices within a personal workspace, typically using wireless technologies like Bluetooth.

A financial institution connects its branches through a telecommunications service provider. Network Type: WAN (Wide Area Network)

A WAN connects multiple LANs over long distances, often using leased lines or satellite links provided by telecommunications companies.

LAN (Local Area Network): Used for connecting devices within a small geographical area such as a single building or home.

MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): Covers a larger geographical area than a LAN, typically a city or campus.

PAN (Personal Area Network): Connects devices within the range of an individual person, such as connecting a phone to a Bluetooth headset.

WAN (Wide Area Network): Spans large geographical areas, connecting multiple LANs across cities, countries, or continents.

Reference: Network Types Overview: Cisco Networking Basics

Understanding Different Network Types: Network Types Guide

During the data encapsulation process, the Data Link layer of the OSI model is responsible for adding a header that contains MAC addressing information and a trailer used for error checking. The header typically includes the source and destination MAC addresses, while the trailer contains a Frame Check Sequence (FCS) which is used for error detection1.

The Data Link layer ensures that messages are delivered to the proper device on a LAN using hardware addresses and translates messages from the Network layer into bits for the Physical layer to transmit. It also controls how data is placed onto the medium and is received from the medium through the physical hardware.

Reference: =

The OSI Model C The 7 Layers of Networking Explained in Plain English

OSI Model – Network Direction

Which layer adds both header and trailer to the data?

What is OSI Model | 7 Layers Explained – GeeksforGeeks

Explanation:

The correct matching of the security options to their characteristics is as follows:

WPA2-Enterprise: Uses a RADIUS server for authentication

WEP: Uses a minimum of 40 bits for encryption

WPA2-Personal: Uses AES and a pre-shared key for authentication

Here’s why each security option matches the characteristic:

WPA2-Enterprise uses a RADIUS server for authentication, which provides centralized Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) management for users who connect and use a network service.

WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) is an outdated security protocol that uses a minimum of 40 bits for encryption (and up to 104 bits), which is relatively weak by today’s standards.

WPA2-Personal (Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 – Personal) uses the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) for encryption and a pre-shared key (PSK) for authentication, which is shared among users to access the network.

These security options are essential for protecting wireless networks from unauthorized access and ensuring data privacy.